![]() ![]() Sepsis does not end with resolution of symptoms – there are long term sequelae often with devastating consequences. Similarly, the sequelae of sepsis need to be redefined as their own pathological entity. Sepsis as a disease-related entity, once thought to be due to the dissemination of pathogens, has since been redefined as dysregulation of the host immunological response. The sequelae had first been thought to be independent of the sepsis patients predisposed to the development of sepsis were also predisposed to cognitive and functional impairment. The earliest descriptions of an ensuing syndrome, recorded at the turn of the twenty-first century, described consistent cognitive, psychological, physical, and medical defects following severe sepsis. Post-sepsis syndrome is a relatively newly described pathologic entity. Here we review important aspects of these research efforts and goals of care for patients who survive sepsis. This “post-sepsis syndrome” has been the subject of active preclinical and clinical research providing new mechanistic insights and approaches linked to survivor well-being. These include neurocognitive impairment, functional disability, psychological deficits, and worsening medical conditions. It is marked by a significantly increased risk of death and a poor health-related quality of life associated with a constellation of long-term effects that persist following the patient’s bout with sepsis. Post-sepsis syndrome is an emerging pathological entity that has garnered significant interest amongst clinicians and researchers over the last two decades. Recent studies have reported consistent patterns of functional disabilities in sepsis survivors that can last from months to years after symptoms of active sepsis had resolved. The sequelae of sepsis were once thought to be independent of sepsis itself and assumed to be either comorbid to sick patients or complications of critical illness.
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